Sokoto Educational Review

ASSESSMENT OF ANXIETY LEVEL AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL CHEMISTRY STUDENTS IN KUDAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF KADUNA STATE, NORTHERN NIGERIA

HAUWA USMAN SALISU, RAMATU ASABE NURU — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The quest for an anxious free approach towards the learning of Chemistry is of paramount importance among students in developing countries. This research was conducted to determine the causes and level of Chemistry anxiety among Secondary School Students in Kudan Local Government of Kaduna State, Northern Nigeria, using a survey design and simple random sampling. The instruments used for data collection were Chemistry Anxiety Scale (CAS) and Chemistry AnxietyQuestionnaire (CAQ). Pearson's Product Moment Co-efficient was used to determine the r = 0.79 using test re-test method for instrument I (CAQ) while Spearman brown was used to determine r = 0.76 using split half method for instrument II. Results obtained revealed that Chemistry anxiety exist among these students (mean=3.61). The results also indicated that there is no significant gender disparity on anxiety level among the Students (P = 0.49 ?0.05). This research therefore recommends that teachers should observe anxious students while teaching and use effective instructional strategies like ethno-chemistry to reduce anxiety levels of these students. By this way, a more effective learning environment can be created.

ASSESSING USE OF INTEGRATED LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN SELECTED NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

ADEBAYO MURITALA ADEGBORE, SHAIBU ADONA SADIKU — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The adoption of integrated library management systems (ILMS) in Nigerian university libraries is becoming popular. However, literature review revealed that many libraries have been moving from one system to another and in the process losing large chunk of library records. This situation poses a serious threat not only to ILMS adoption but also to its use. This study, therefore, sought to evaluate the usage of ILMS in Nigerian university libraries. The study design is descriptive survey. Five hundred and fifty-eight (558) librarians from the selected university libraries formed the population. Total enumeration sampling technique was adopted due to the small size of the study population. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire that was validated using a test re-test reliability method and yielded overall Cronbach's Alpha r = 0.93. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics including frequency count, percentages, and standard deviation. The results showed that the system quality measured by ease of use 98.22%, user-friendliness 97.53% and high-speed 92.73%; the content quality measured by good format 96.73%, up-to-date 93.91%, information quality 93.14% and relevance 93.62%; and support services provided 93.71% were good. Librarians self-regulated their learning to use ILMS by familiarizing themselves with the systems before adoption (62.73%) and troubleshooting (80.22%); library preparedness was adequate (IT infrastructure 75.41% and capacity building 75.61%); and librarians were satisfied with the ILMS usage (85.52%), and was beneficial to the librarians (90.91%). The study concluded that the evaluation of ILMS usage has been successful for the libraries that have adopted them. It therefore recommended that library management should not compromise the quality of ILMS already attained but rather improve upon it by setting benchmark with ILMS in other Universities in the developed countries.

ROLE OF NON-FORMAL EDUCATION IN PROMOTING GIRL–CHILD EDUCATION IN NIGERIA

AMINA SHEHU ABDULLAHI, MARYAM IBRAHIM SHEHU — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Girl child education is highly valued not only in Nigeria but across the globe. Statistically, the majority of illiterates worldwide are women, and this trend is also prevalent in northern Nigeria, where 65% of enrolled children are boys, leaving a significant number of girls out of school. This paper delves into the factors influencing girls’ education in northern Nigeria, as well as the societal benefits of educating girls. It reviews international literature on this topic and applies it to the situation in northern Nigeria. The study concludes that despite efforts made by various governments, including Nigeria's, to ensure sufficient educational opportunities for all, a noticeable gap persists. Additionally, in the North, this situation notably impacts generational upbringing and moral training. In response to these challenges, seven recommendations are proposed for a collaborative effort between the formal and non-formal sectors to eradicate illiteracy in our society.

THE IMPACT OF EXAMINATION MALPRACTICE ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AS PERCEIVED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA

GIDADO BELLO KUMO, APEH HOSEA ABALAKA, ABIGAIL CHIZOBA ODILI — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated the impact of examination malpractice on academic performance as perceived by secondary school students in North-Central Nigeria. Research questions and hypotheses guided the study. Hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The design was descriptive survey. A sample of 380 senior secondary school students was randomly selected. Tool used was Impact of Examination Malpractice on Academic Performance (IEMAP) questionnaire. ANOVA and t-test were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that examination malpractice was perceived to impact negatively on academic performance of male and female students. It impacted negatively on the academic performance of rural and urban schools as well as on public and private secondary school students. It recommended that the impact of examination malpractice to academic performance be communicated to students, and all stakeholders; it recommends also for continuous orientation and enlightenment of the general populace as a control measure.

PROFESSIONAL SELF-ESTEEM AND JOB SATISFACTION AS COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE FOR PROFESSIONAL LIBRARIANS IN PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN KWARA STATE

Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Job satisfaction stands as a hallmark among labour professionals, affected by diverse factors, including an individual's self-esteem. This study delves into the correlation between professional self-esteem and job contentment, considering them as competitive edges for professional librarians in private universities. Employing qualitative research methods, the study aimed to gain deeper insights into pivotal themes, reinforcing the theoretical framework within scholarly communication. Through purposive sampling, nine professional librarians from private university libraries in Kwara state—Al-Hikman University, Thomas Adewumi University, Summit University Offa, Crown Hill University, and Landmark University, Omu Aran—participated in semi-structured interviews, with seven agreeing to partake and contribute. Thematic analysis of the interview transcripts revealed that a majority of participants highlighted a high level of job satisfaction within this cohort. Additionally, many emphasised the significant impact of self-esteem on the job satisfaction of librarians in these settings. To support librarians' well-being, the study recommends providing ongoing encouragement and training to sustain and enhance their self-esteem

FODDER AND FORAGE PRODUCTION FOR SUSTAINABLE RANCHING AS A MEANS FOR SUSTAINABLE PEACE BUILDING AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION AMONG AND BETWEEN FARMERS AND HERDERS COMMUNITIES IN NIGERIA

NURA IBRAHIM MUKHTAR — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Peace, as an indispensable and vital element in community development, is intrinsically tied to harmonious and serene life dimensions. The nurturing and preservation of peace inherently hinge upon the redirection and enhancement of social relationships. For an extended period, the relationship between farmers and herders in Nigeria, notably in the North-western, North-eastern, and North-central regions, has been marred by clashes resulting in grim situations and bloodshed.

STAFF CONDUCT IN RELATION TO STUDENTS AND MANAGERIAL EFFECTIVENESS IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES IN THE NORTHEAST ZONE, NIGERIA

ABUBAKAR MUSA, BALA BAKWAI KWASHABAWA — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Staff conduct in educational institutions is a very significant indicator of managerial effectiveness. Staff who have a significant influence in shaping students and directing their academic success, must exhibit appropriate conduct in order to accomplish their jobs effectively. This study investigates the relationship between staff conduct in relation to students and managerial effectiveness in federal universities in the Northeast Zone, Nigeria. The study adopted correlational research design. The total population of the study comprises 669 staff which is made up of 79 management staff, 446 academic staff and 144 non-academic staff. Sample size of 234 staff were determined using Research Advisors (2006). The researchers employed purposive sampling technique in selecting the universities and random sampling technique was used in selecting the participants. The study utilized two instruments: Staff Conduct Questionnaire (SCQ) which was designed by the researchers and has reliability index of 0.82 and Managerial Effectiveness Questionnaire (MEQ) with reliability index of 0.79. The questionnaires were administered and data obtained were analysed using frequency, percentages, mean to answer the research questions while, Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the hypothesis. It was found that there was significant positive relationship between staff conduct in relation to students and managerial effectiveness in federal universities in Northeast Zone, Nigeria. It was recommended that school management should ensure that the high level of staff conduct in relation to students is sustained and also improved upon by ensuring that staff and students avoid involvement in an unethical relationship with the opposite sex.

SCHOOL READINESS AS CORRELATE OF ACADEMIC SKILLS OF PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS IN EGOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EDO STATE

KEHINDE PRAISE ADEOSUN — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study investigated school readiness as a correlate of academic skills of pre-primary school pupils in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. Three (3) research questions were raised to give direction to the study, out of which one (1) was hypothesised. The research design adopted for this study was the survey research design based on a correlational approach. The population of the study comprised all one thousand five hundred and fifty-four (1554) Pre-primary class 1 pupils, and ninety-two (92) teachers serving as caregivers in 41 private pre-primary schools in Egor Local Government Area of Edo State. The sample size for this study was one hundred and twenty (120) Pre-primary class 1 pupils and eight(08) teachers serving as caregivers in 4 schools selected using a multi-stage sampling technique. The research instruments for the collection of data for this study are the School Readiness Questionnaire (SRQ ) and the Academic Skills Questionnaire (ASQ). The instrument was validated by three experts and reliability was done using Cronbach alpha statistics, the coefficients of 0.93, and 0.92 were obtained for School Readiness and Academic Skills respectively. The research instruments were personally given to the teachers to respond to the items on behalf of the pupils, this is because the teachers as the caregivers are familiar with these pupils, having always been with them for at least six (6) active hours per day which make them be in the best position to respond to the item in their stead. Research questions 1 and 2 were answered using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Hypothesis 1 was tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) Statistics. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the level of school readiness and academic skills are high among pre-primary school children in the Egor Local Government area of Edo state. It was also revealed that there was a significant relationship between school readiness and academic skills among pre-primary school children in the Egor Local Government area of Edo state. Based on the findings from the study, the researcher recommended that Parents should always send their children to school when they are ready for school. The government should implement the law to make sure that only ready children are admitted to the school by sending officials of the Ministry of Education for routine checks on schools

MANAGEMENT OF TORTIOUS LIABILITY OF TRESPASS TO PERSON AND ADMINISTRATIVE EFFECTIVENESS IN STATE OWNED TERTIARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN BORNO STATE, NIGERIA

ABUBAKAR MUSA, SANI DANTANI MANGA — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Achievement of educational goals necessitates a conducive teaching and learning environment for both teachers and students, which is impossible to achieve without effective tort liability management in schools. This study investigated the relationship between management of tort of trespass to person and administrative effectiveness in state owned tertiary educational institutions in Borno State, Nigeria. The study was anchored to the Interest Theory of Human Right. The study adopted Correlational Design. It involved the population of 3211 academic and nonacademic staff of the tertiary educational institutions where 333 participants were drawn using Research Advisor (2006). The researchers employed purposive sampling technique for selecting the state owned tertiary educational institutions and random sampling technique in selection of the participants. The study adapted two instruments: Management of Tortious Liabilities Questionnaire (MTLQ) and Administrative Effectiveness Questionnaire (AEQ) with initial reliability indices of 0.79 and 0.84 respectively and after modification, pilot test was conducted via test-retest method with reliability indices of 0.76 and 0.79 respectively, computed using PPMC. The questionnaires were administered and the data obtained were analysed using frequency, percentages, mean to answer the research questions while, Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the hypothesis. The findings of the study revealed that there is high extent of management of tort of trespass to person in Borno State owned tertiary educational institutions as well as moderate level of administrative effectiveness. And also there is significant positive relationship between management of tort of trespass to person and administrative effectiveness in state owned tertiary educational institutions in Borno State, Nigeria. The researchers recommended frequent training of school heads on effective application of strategies for management of tortious liabilities of trespass to person in schools, among others.

EMERGING EDUCATIONAL INNOVATIONS FOR TRANSFORMING TEACHING AND LEARNING OF ADULT AND NON-FORMAL EDUCATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND BEYOND

MUILI FOLARANMI OLAJIDE, ABDU IDRIS WUSHISHI, FATAHAT OYETEJU OLAJIDE — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This paper is focused on emerging educational innovations for transforming teaching and learning of adult and nonformal education during COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. The objective of this paper is to examines the positive impulse of adopting adult and non-formal education emerging innovations for teaching and learning which are all encompassing in ensuring no educational gap is created among the adult learners during the pandemic and beyond. The objective further premised on adult and non-formal education as an education with the capability of using digital knowledge as innovations to impact on adult learners during the pandemic and beyond. This will transform teaching and learning components of the adult education and guaranteed continuous learning for the learners. The paper however discussed, concept of adult and nonformal education, concept of innovation in transforming teaching and learning in adult education, emerging educational innovations opportunities for teaching and learning, pedagogy for adult and non-formal education learners during the pandemic and beyond, emerging educational innovations for teaching and learning of adult and nonformal education and challenges of emerging educational innovations for transforming adult and nonformal education teaching and learning. The paper concluded that to achieve the emerging educational innovations for teaching and learning during the pandemic and beyond, adult and non-formal education is the education system to embrace with the nexus to deliver on inclusive education. The paper suggested among others, that government should incorporate digital information in adult and non-formal education system, so as to achieve meaningful teaching and learning during pandemic and beyond.

RELATIVE EFFECT OF 5E’S INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL ON ANXIETY AND RETENTION OF CELL DIVISION AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOKOTO STATE, NIGERIA

SULEIMAN SA’ADU MATAZU, JOHN DANLADI — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed to determine the relative effect of the 5E's (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, and Evaluate) instructional model on anxiety levels and retention of the concept of cell division among senior secondary school students in Sokoto State, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental design was employed, targeting all SSII students across the six educational zones of Sokoto State, totaling 14,567. A proportionate sample of 512 students was selected for the study. The instrument used for data collection was an adapted version of the State-Trait Inventory for Cognitive Anxiety (STICA) developed by Mack Ree (2000) to measure test anxiety. The instrument underwent validation by experts from the Faculty of Education and Extension Services at Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. The reliability of the instrument, as reported by the developer, was established using the test-retest method, with a four-week interval between the first and second administrations. The reliability results yielded an alpha coefficient of 0.90, indicating the instrument's reliability and its adoption for the study. The study was guided by three objectives, three research questions, and three null hypotheses. Descriptive statistics, specifically mean and standard deviation, were used to answer the research questions, while Analysis of Covariance and t-tests were employed to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 alpha level of significance. The study's findings revealed that female students demonstrated higher retention ability and anxiety levels than their male counterparts when taught using the 5E's instructional model. Conversely, male students exhibited a higher and significant anxiety level compared to their female counterparts when taught using cooperative methods. The study recommended, among other suggestions, the adoption of the 5E's instructional model by biology teachers due to its enhancement of biology knowledge retention. Additionally, considering the higher anxiety levels found among females, teachers should ensure that male students receive the necessary motivation to encourage positive anxiety.

EFFECT OF ADVANCED ORGANIZER METHOD ON INTEREST, PERFORMANCE AND RETENTION IN SOCIAL STUDIES AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS, NORTHWEST, NIGERIA

SHEHU ROGO SALISU, ABDULLAHI DADA ALIYU — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the Advanced Organizer method on interest, performance, and retention in Social Studies among secondary school students in Northwest Nigeria. The research design employed for the study was a mixed design, incorporating pre-test, post-test quasi-experimental, and descriptive survey designs. The study population comprised all secondary school students in the North West Zone of Nigeria enrolled in social studies programs, totaling 371,998. A multistage sampling technique was used to select a sample of 107 social studies students for the study. Two research instruments were utilized: the Social Studies Performance Test (SPT), with a reliability index of 0.79, and a Social Studies Interest Scale (SSIS), developed by the researcher to gauge student interest in social studies, possessing a reliability coefficient of 0.81. The findings revealed that students taught using the advanced organizer method exhibited higher interest, significantly better performance, and greater retention in social studies compared to those taught using traditional methods. The study concluded that the Advanced Organizer method is highly effective for teaching and learning social studies. It was recommended, among other suggestions, that principals and school administrators prioritize the implementation of the advanced organizer method in the social studies curriculum, as it yields superior performance outcomes compared to other teaching methods.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCHOOL OWNERSHIP AND STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLIS, BORNO STATE, IMPLICATION FOR GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING

MOHAMMED SHEHU UMAR, HAJJA GANA ALIBE, HAJJA GANA ALIBE — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The Study finds-out the relationship between school ownership and students’ academic performance in some senior secondary schools in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, and Implications for guidance and counselling. One objectives was raised to guide the study and one null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significant, to find-out the relationship between school ownership and students’ academic performance in National Examination Council (NECO) result from 2015-2020 Academic sessions. Correlation and expo facto design were adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised of four publics and four private senior secondary schools in Maiduguri Metropolis. A simple random sampling technique was used in selecting the students NECO results in five science based subjects. Pro-foma was used as an instrument for data collection. The study revealed that there is significant relationship between school ownership and students’ academic performance in some senior secondary school in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State. Based on the findings, it is recommended that Public and private schools should be improved by providing adequate educational facilities and resources also employs qualified professional school counsellor in both private and public schools. Students in Co-education schools should concentrate with their studies and not allow distractions of any kind.

ASSESSMENT OF GENDERS DIFFERENCE IN SKILLS USED BY STUDENTS’ ON PRACTICAL ATTACHMENT FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF ADULT LEARNING CENTRES IN NIGERIA

Abbas MAHMUD, MURJA BELLO DANKANI — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed to assess Gender Differences in Skills Utilized by Students during Practical Attachment for the Effective Management of Adult Learning Centers in Nigeria. It was guided by three hypotheses and sought to identify the skills employed by students in facilitating learning for adult learners during practical attachments and to determine the management strategies implemented by students in controlling the learning centers where they were placed. The research included addressing three specific questions and testing four hypotheses. Employing a Descriptive Survey research design, the study involved a population of 93 students in the Adult Education program during the 2018/2019 academic session. The sample size coincided with the population count, and the sampling method employed was purposive. The study relied on a self-designed instrument for data collection. Analysis was conducted using Descriptive Statistics, and the hypotheses were evaluated using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The findings from the three hypotheses indicated that there was no significant difference between male and female students concerning the skills utilized during practical attachments or the strategies employed to manage adult learning centers in the context of practical attachments. The study's conclusions highlighted the absence of significant differences between male and female students concerning the skills, management strategies, and learned theories applied while facilitating adult learning in various adult learning centers during practical attachments.

IMPACT OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ADULT LEARNERS IN MASALLACI NATIONAL MODEL ADULT EDUCATION CENTER, SHAHUCI, KANO STATE

AUWALU HALILU, ABBA MUHAMMAD TUKUR — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the impact of instructional materials on academic achievement of adult learners in Masallaci National Model Adult Education Center, Shahuci, Kano State. The objectives of the study are to identify the available instructional materials, determine the impact of instructional materials on academic performance of adult learners, and to examine the factors promoting the use of Instructional Materials in Masallaci National Model Adult Education Center, Shahuci, Kano State. Mixed design. Pre-test and post-test research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study is 2,600 adult learners. Simple random samplings technique was used for the selection of the sample of 335 adult learners in line with Krejcie and Morgan. The instruments for data collection were questionnaire and achievement test. Instrument was taken to the supervisor and experts in adult education, education and special education, the instrument there after was corrected and validated and the researcher used test-re-test methods the scores obtained from the two different administration process were entered into SPSS and correlated to obtained reliability coefficients of 0.69 and 0.70 respectively for the two instruments. Data collected were analyzed using simple percentage, frequency counts, mean and standard deviation. The findings were that the instructional materials available in the center include pictures, models. Instructional materials are very effective on the academic achievement of adult learners in Masallaci National Model Adult Education Center, Shahuci, Kano State. That the nature of the subject matter during lesson, nature of the objectives to be attained and high number of learners involved during lesson are the factors promoting the use of instructional materials in the center. The study recommend that instructional materials should be provided in adult education centers especially videos, audios and audio-visuals. The subject matter and the lesson objectives should always be written in a clearer way to enhance the effective selection of appropriate instructional materials. The number of learners in each class should be regulated to a controllable size so as to enhance the effectiveness in the utilization of the instructional materials in the center.

TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE CAUSES OF STUDENTS’ LOW ENROLMENT IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL PHYSICS IN OYO-NORTH, NIGERIA

MUHAMMED ABDULLAHI LAWAL, RIDWAN ENUWA MOHAMMED, AFEES AKANNI AMUDA — Tue, 26 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Despite the significant contribution of physics to modern society, a decline in physics enrollment has

been observed over the years. This study specifically investigated the reasons behind students’ low

enrollment in Physics. The objectives focused on exploring the impact of teachers’ qualifications and

gender on their perceptions of the causes of this low enrollment in senior school physics in Oyo-North,

Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive survey research design, utilizing a self-designed

questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.89. A convenient sampling technique was used to gather

responses from 170 physics teachers across 172 senior secondary schools in Oyo-North. Data analysis

included percentages, mean, standard deviation, and Chi-square tests. The findings identified various

causes for the low enrollment, such as students' interest, insufficient physics textbooks, inadequate

physics laboratories, the mathematical nature of physics, poorly equipped physics labs, and parental

influence. The study found no significant difference in the perceptions between qualified and

unqualified physics teachers regarding the causes of students’ low enrollment, nor was there a

significant difference between male and female physics teachers. Ultimately, the study concluded that

teachers’ qualifications and gender had no bearing on physics teachers’ perceptions of the causes

behind students’ low physics enrollment in senior secondary schools. The recommendations included

concerted efforts by educational stakeholders to enhance physics enrollment by providing adequate

textbooks, well-equipped laboratories, and other resources to foster student interest and prevent the

decline of physics in senior secondary schools in Oyo-North, Nigeria.